Actually this whole mess of chargebacks is precisely one thing that Bitcoin solves. As a merchant, once you receive a Bitcoin transfer, no one can reverse it or initiate a charge back.
It solves a problem very well, many would say a little too well. What happens is that once this problem is solved a little too well in that it does the following:
1. Provides no way of reversing transactions.
2. Has a large enough mass that the currency is trusted.
3. Has a large enough mass that non-nerds can easily use the system.
The feds come in and want to shut it down because it provides a great avenue for the criminal element and con-artists. eGold is the prime example of this.
If you're an EU/US exchange, someone steals bitcoins, makes them to money with your help, police starts to investigate, you get sued and need to pay the stolen money back out of your pocket. Technology is no way around laws. You know the word enforcement in law enforcement. But you as a merchant are probably safe. Risk is taken by the conversion service.
(Obviously you're safe if EU/US/Russia/China can't get you because your service is in country that does not work with EU/US/Russian/Chinese law enforcement).
Disclaimer: I dont know much about how bitcoin works
It would seem though that one would need a third party transaction 'escrow' (for lack of a better word) which could invalidate bitcoins should they be stolen.
Basically saying "this bitcoin transaction is valid, therefore these bitcoins of value x are valid"
If things are stolen, then you could disable those bicoins.
Invalidating bitcoins would not work though. additionally, it is against the philosophy of bitcoin, basically to be a currency without supervising powers.
You literally have to think of bitcoins like real cash. I know that it feels unnatural at first, as usually everything you do software side on a computer is reversible, but that is not the case with the way bitcoins work. Everyone who runs the bitcoin client validates transactions and when a certain threshold is reached, the transaction is successful.
Therefore, to prevent the validation of transactions, you would have to run an astonishing number of clients which refuse validation.
The only way you could intercept stolen bitcoins at this point is, that the services which you can use to exchange bitcoins to dollars keep a db of stolen coins and prevent those from being cashed out.
Reversing transactions without telling the payee when the payee has previously been given the all-clear is pretty shady though.